Shoe1
Journey Man
Thanks for that thoughtful response bearfax.Shoe1 I understand your problems with the anthem. I'm not all that enamoured by it myself. But lets get it in context. Though an original version was written way back in 1878, it was the amended version that was used in the inauguration of Australia as a nation state January 1 1901. Therefore the words are meant to relate to Australia as a nation state from 1901, which it wasn't before that either for Europeans or Indigenous Australians. Before 1901 the Australian continent was initially a large collection of Indigenous societies linked only by trade and passing on of information and then when Europeans arrived it was a number of separate colonies under British authority.
Therefore discussing our convict past in relation to the Independent state of Australia is like calling the separate states on the Italian peninsula, Italy before 1861, or calling the Germanic states, Germany before 1871. Sure our heritage relates to pre 1901, but Australia as a nation did now exist before 1901 and the words relate to that nation that was formed at that time. This is why I think our national day should be January 1, relating to Federation, not the arrival of a ragtag bunch of ships carrying convicts. Convict transportation ended in 1868 and most were free by the 1870s. The last transported convict died in 1938, a free man
So land that is 'young and free' relates to post 1901, not 1788. Mind you with the White Australia Policy immediately being instituted some were freer than others and as you well know the Indigenous population were not recognised until 1967 (a quite shameful situation but consistent with the attitudes of the time)
I agree the song was written in the context of a new beginning as a nation, written in the lead up to that moment in 1901. For that reason I see it as an aspirational lyric, maybe bordering on propaganda.
Being free or bond (ie convict) was a very big deal up until 1842 in NSW and even though transportation stopped then in NSW it continued elsewhere. And not every NSW convict was free until well after 1860. You rightly mention WA and the last transported convicts living into the 20th century.
The next few generations covered up this heritage, with many families claiming they were descended from free settlers. So “free” was a laden term in 1878, eagerly adopted by those with a past to hide.
To be young and free in 1901 was a statement - a young nation trying to smooth over the convict past, and paying no heed to the 40,000 year old culture that also inhabited the land.