I admire your optimism that our small little intellects can understand all that there is to understand about the universe. One tiny barrier is that everything we can perceive and conceive depends on innumerable other things, and another is that everything is always changing. We come along and look at a few variables, notice some patterns, and then make predictions based on those patterns - based on our concepts about those patterns.
An 11 dimensional universe? - an 11 dimensional array difficult to understand? Not really. You just need to chart 11 variables against changes occurring. You can even do that to a reasonable extent in a spreadsheet or database. Businesses do it all the time - product code, price, quantity, advertising expenses, salesman identity, area code, GST code, account number, past sales periods 1 to 12, budgets periods 1 to 12 - there's plenty of dimensions without even trying.
Scientists choose length, breadth, height and time as the first four "real" dimensions. On the assumption that they are all totally independent of each other. And real, with independent existence. Only trouble is that space and time are not independent variables - as Einstein showed. They vary with each other. They do not even exist independently. Space-time is curved.
And are they even real? Of course you say? Time is real, there's past, present and future. I was on this site yesterday, am now, and will be tomorrow - but have a look and you'll see it is always now. 10 seconds later, check again and it is still now. No-one has ever lived in the past and no-one will ever live in the future. Because time is a concept and we are more than concept machines. We conceptualise time based on abstractions - memory and projection of memory. Just like we conceptualise in dreams. But it is always now, for everyone and always. That's eternity. Eternal life? Available to experience now if you can look. If you can look past thoughts, concepts, beliefs.
Space is real? I am here and that is there. But have a look and you'll see that you're always here. Always.
Our minds receive inputs and we infer the concepts of space and time. They are mental concepts. Constructions. Fabrications. Useful for practical purposes, but mere inferences all the same.
Once you can see past the unreality of concepts then you can understand all. But it is not an intellectual understanding. Not conceptual.